X-ray holographic microscopy

X-ray holographic microscopy is a technique used to produce high-resolution, three-dimensional images of microscopic objects. The technique is based on the principles of holography, where the phase and amplitude of a wave are recorded to produce an image. In X-ray holography, this wave is an X-ray beam.

Traditional optical microscopy uses visible light to image an object, and the resolution of the image is limited by the wavelength of the light. X-rays have much shorter wavelengths than visible light, so X-ray microscopy can theoretically produce images with much higher resolution.

In X-ray holography, a coherent X-ray beam is split into two paths: one path interacts with the object being imaged, and the other path is used as a reference. The object wave and the reference wave are then combined to form a hologram. This hologram can be reconstructed to produce a 3D image of the object.

One major advantage of X-ray holographic microscopy is that it can be used to image thick samples and materials that are not transparent to visible light. However, the technique requires sophisticated equipment and careful sample preparation, and it can be difficult to interpret the resulting images.

X射线全息显微镜术是一种用来生成微观物体的高分辨率三维图像的技术。这种技术基于全息术的原理，全息术记录波的相位和振幅以产生图像。在X射线全息术中，这种波是X射线束。

传统的光学显微镜使用可见光来成像物体，图像的分辨率受到光的波长的限制。X射线的波长比可见光短得多，因此理论上X射线显微镜可以产生分辨率更高的图像。

在X射线全息术中，一个相干的X射线束被分割成两条路径：一条路径与被成像的物体相互作用，另一条路径作为参考使用。然后将物体波和参考波结合形成一个全息图。这个全息图可以被重建成物体的3D图像。

X射线全息显微镜的一个主要优点是它可以用来成像厚样本和对可见光不透明的材料。然而，这种技术需要复杂的设备和精心的样品制备，并且解析结果图像可能会有困难。

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